Switch Statement in Java

Multiple condition, executes one statement that is called switch statement.

Syntax:

switch(expression){    
case value1:    
 //code to be executed;    
 break;  //optional  
case value2:    
 //code to be executed;    
 break;  //optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed if all cases are not matched;    
}    

Example 1:

public class DaysExample { 
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    { 
        int day = 5; 
        String dayString; 
  
        // switch statement with int data type 
        switch (day) { 
        case 1: 
            dayString = "Monday"; 
            break; 
        case 2: 
            dayString = "Tuesday"; 
            break; 
        case 3: 
            dayString = "Wednesday"; 
            break; 
        case 4: 
            dayString = "Thursday"; 
            break; 
        case 5: 
            dayString = "Friday"; 
            break; 
        case 6: 
            dayString = "Saturday"; 
            break; 
        case 7: 
            dayString = "Sunday"; 
            break; 
        default: 
            dayString = "Invalid day"; 
            break; 
        } 
        System.out.println(dayString); 
    } 
} 

Output

Example 2: Simple Check Vowel or Consonant

public class SwitchVowelEx {    
public static void main(String[] args) {    
    char ch='u';    
    switch(ch)  
    {  
        case 'a':   
            System.out.println("Vowel");  
            break;  
        case 'e':   
            System.out.println("Vowel");  
            break;  
        case 'i':   
            System.out.println("Vowel");  
            break;  
        case 'o':   
            System.out.println("Vowel");  
            break;  
        case 'u':   
            System.out.println("Vowel");  
            break;  
        case 'A':   
            System.out.println("Vowel");  
            break;  
        case 'E':   
            System.out.println("Vowel");  
            break;  
        case 'I':   
            System.out.println("Vowel");  
            break;  
        case 'O':   
            System.out.println("Vowel");  
            break;  
        case 'U':   
            System.out.println("Vowel");  
            break;  
        default:   
            System.out.println("Consonant");  
    }  
}    
}   

Output:

Vowel

Example 3: Check Vowel or Consonant by the user input

import java.util.Scanner;
class SwitchUser
{
   public static void main(String[ ] arg)
   {
	boolean isVowel=false;;
	Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
	System.out.println("Enter a character : ");
	char ch=scanner.next().charAt(0); 
	scanner.close();
	switch(ch)
	{
	   case 'a' :
	   case 'e' :
    	   case 'i' :
	   case 'o' :
	   case 'u' :
	   case 'A' :
	   case 'E' :
	   case 'I' :
	   case 'O' :
	   case 'U' : isVowel = true;
	}
	if(isVowel == true) {
	   System.out.println(ch+" is  a Vowel");
	}
	else {
	   if((ch>='a'&&ch<='z')||(ch>='A'&&ch<='Z'))
		System.out.println(ch+" is a Consonant");
	   else
		System.out.println("Input is not an alphabet");		
        }
   }
}

Output:

Switch Statement UserInput Example in java

Switch Statement is Fall Through

Switch statement is fall-through. It means it executes all statements after the first match if a break statement is not present.

Example

 public class SwitchFall{  
  public static void main(String[] args) {  
    int number=20;
    switch(number){  
    //switch cases without break statements  
    case 10: System.out.println("10");  
    case 20: System.out.println("20");  
    case 30: System.out.println("30");  
    default:System.out.println("Not in 10, 20 or 30");  
    }  
}  
}  

Output

Nested Switch Statement in Java

We can use switch statement inside other switch statement in Java. It is known as nested switch statement.

Example

public class NestedSwitchExample {    
    public static void main(String args[])  
      {  
      //B - Graduation , M - PostGraduation, E - Engineer, O - Other
        char branch = 'M';                 
        int collegeYear = 3;  
        switch( collegeYear )  
        {  
            case 1:  
                System.out.println("English, Maths, Science");  
                break;  
            case 2:  
                switch( branch )   
                {  
                    case 'E':  
                           System.out.println("Operating System, Java, Data Structure");   
                        break;  
                    case 'B':  
                        System.out.println("Micro processors, Logic switching theory");  
                        break;  
                    case 'M':  
                        System.out.println("PostGraduation");  
                        break;  
                }  
                break;  
            case 3:  
                switch( branch )   
                {  
                    case 'B':  
                        System.out.println("Computer Organization, MultiMedia");  
                        break;  
                    case 'E':  
                        System.out.println("Fundamentals of Logic Design, Microelectronics");  
                        break;  
                    case 'M':  
                        System.out.println("PostGraduation");  
                        break;  
                }  
                break;  
            case 4:  
                switch( branch )   
                {  
                    case 'C':  
                        System.out.println("Data Communication and Networks, MultiMedia");  
                        break;  
                    case 'E':  
                        System.out.println("Embedded System, Image Processing");  
                        break;  
                    case 'M':  
                        System.out.println("Production Technology, Thermal Engineering");  
                        break;  
                }  
                break;  
        }  
    }  
}  

Output

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Control Statements

Switch Statement in Java

Switch Statement is Fall Through

Nested Switch Statement in Java