If-else Statement in C++

If statement in C++

The if statements select and executes the statements based on a given condition. If the condition is true, then given set of statements is executed. However, if the condition is False, then the given set of statements is skipped and the program control passes to the statement following the if statement.

Syntax:

 
    if(condition)
    {
        statement executed 1;
        statement executed 2;
    }
    statement executed 3;

Flowchart for if statement

Example: In C++ program to check percentage of a student and display pass if it is greater than 45.

#include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    float percent;
    cout<<"Enter your percentage: ";
    cin>>percent;
    cout<<"You scored "<<percent<<"%"<<endl;
    if (percent>=45)
    {
        cout<<"Congratulation: You have passed";
    }
    getch();
    return 0;
}

Output 1:

Enter your percentage: 60
You scored 60%
Congratulation: You have passed

Output 2:

Enter your percentage: 38
You scored 38%

If-else statement in C++

if-else statement comprise two parts, namely, if and else. if the condition is true, the if part is executed. However, if the condition is False, the else part is executed.

Flowchart for if-else statement

Syntax:

if (condition)
{
    statements;
    ... ... ...
}
else
{
    statements;
    ... ... ...
}

Example 1: In ++ program to check percentage of a student and display pass or fail.

#include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    float percent;
    cout<<"Enter your percentage: ";
    cin>>percent;
    cout<<"You scored "<<percent<<"%"<<endl;
    if (percent>=40)
    {
        cout<<"Congratulation: You have passed";
    }
    else
    {
        cout<<"Sorry: You have failed";
    }
    getch();
    return 0;
}

Output 1:

Enter your percentage: 65
You scored 65%
Congratulation: You have passed

Output 2:

Enter your percentage: 35
You scored 35%
Sorry: You have failed

Example 2:In C++ Program Odd Even Check by the User Input.

#include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    int  number;
    cout<<"Enter your number: ";
    cin>>number;
    cout<<"You scored "<<number<<"%"<<endl;
     if (number % 2 == 0)    
            {    
                cout<<"It is even number";    
            }   
            else  
            {    
                cout<<"It is odd number";    
            }  
    getch();
    return 0;
}

Output 1:

Enter your number: 10
You scored 10%
It is even number

Output 2:

Enter your number: 5
You scored 5%
It is odd number

If-else statement in C++

Multiple branches use in if-else-if statements Where there are two or more conditions that needs to be checked to decide which block of statement is to be executed, The number of else if statements depends upon the number of conditions to be checked.

Syntax:

 if (condition 1)
{
    statements;
    ... ... ...
}
else if (condition 2)
{
    statements;
    ... ... ...
}
... ... ...
... ... ...
else if (condition n)
{
    statements;
    ... ... ...
}
else
{
    statements;
    ... ... ...
}

Flowchart for if … else if … else statement

Example 1:In C++ program to check percentage of a student and display division(distinction, first, second, third or fail).

   #include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    float percent;
    cout<<"Enter your percentage: ";
    cin>>percent;
    cout<<"You scored "<<percent<<"%"<<endl;
    if (percent>=80)
    {
        cout<<"You have passed with distinction";
    }
    else if (percent>=60)
    {
        cout<<"You have passed with first division";
    }
    else if (percent>=50)
    {
        cout<<"You have passed with second division";
    }
    else if (percent>=40)
    {
        cout<<"You have passed with third division";
    }
    else
    {
        cout<<"Sorry: You have failed";
    }
    getch();
    return 0;
} 

Output 1:

Enter your number: 10
You scored 10%
It is even number

Output 2:

Enter your number: 10
You scored 10%
It is even number

Example 2: A program to determine whether a character is in lower-case or upper case.

  #include <iostream>  
#include <conio.h>  
using namespace std;  
  
int main()  
{  
    char ch;
    cout<<"Enter an Alphabet :";
    cin>>ch;
    if((ch>='A') && (ch<='Z'))
            cout<<"The Alphabet is an Upper case";
            
    else
         if((ch>='a') && (ch<='z'))
          cout<<"The Alphabet is an Lower caee";
          else 
            cout<<"It is not an Alphabet";
            return 0;
}

Output 1:

 Enter an Alphabet :A
The Alphabet is an Upper case

Output 2:

 Enter an Alphabet :a
The Alphabet is an Lower caee

Output 3:

 Enter an Alphabet :8
It is not an Alphabet

Nested if statements

An if statement inside another if statement is known as nested if statements. Nested if statements are used if there is a sub condition to be tested after one condition has been checked.

Syntax :-

    if (condition 1)
{
    statements;
    if (sub condition 1)
    {
        statements;
    }
    statements;
}
else if (condition 2)
{
    statements;
    if (sub condition 2)
    {
        statements;
    }
    statements;
}
... ... ...
... ... ...
else
{
    statements;
    if (sub condition n)
    {
        statements;
    }
    statements;
}

Example 2:In C++ program to check if a number entered by user is even and divisible by 5 or not.

  #include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int n;
    cout<<"Enter a number: ";
    cin>>n;
    if (n%2 == 0)
    {
        if (n%5 == 0)
        {
            cout<<"Number is even and divisible by 5";
        }
        else
        {
            cout<<"Number is even but not divisible by 5";
        }
    }
    else
    {
        if (n%5 == 0)
        {
            cout<<"Number is not even but divisible by 5";
        }
        else
        {
            cout<<"Number is not even and not divisible by 5";
        }
    }
}

Output 1:

 Enter a number: 8
Number is even but not divisible by 5

Output 2:

 Enter a number: 25
Number is not even but divisible by 5

Next TopicSwitch Statement in C++

← prev next →

C++ Tutorial

Control Statement

Array

Function

If-else Statement in C++

If statement in C++

Flowchart for if statement

If-else statement in C++

Flowchart for if-else statement

If-else statement in C++

Flowchart for if … else if … else statement

Nested if statements