Basic Input Output Statement in C

printf() and scanf() functions are used for input and output in C language. Both functions are inbuilt library functions, defined in stdio.h (header file).

1) printf() function

Prints the given statement to the console by use of printf() function .

Syntax

Where format string can be %d (integer), %c (character), %s (string), %f (float) etc.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
   char ch = 'A';
   char str[20] = "fresh2refresh.com";
   float flt = 10.234;
   int no = 150;
   double dbl = 20.123456;
   printf("Character is %c \n", ch);
   printf("String is %s \n" , str);
   printf("Float value is %f \n", flt);
   printf("Integer value is %d\n" , no);
   printf("Double value is %lf \n", dbl);
   printf("Octal value is %o \n", no);
   printf("Hexadecimal value is %x \n", no);
   return 0;
}

Output:

Character is A
String is fresh2refresh.com
Float value is 10.234000
Integer value is 150
Double value is 20.123456
Octal value is 226
Hexadecimal value is 96

2) scanf() function

Read the input value(character, string, numeric data) from the keyword by the use of scanf() function.

Syntax

Example: 1

 #include<stdio.h>    
int main(){    
int number;    
printf("Enter a number:");    
scanf("%d",&number);    
printf("cube of number is:%d ",number*number*number);    
return 0;  
}    

Output:

Enter a number:5
cube of number is:125

Example: 2

  #include <stdio.h>
int main()
 {
   char ch;
   char str[100];
   printf("Enter any character \n");
   scanf("%c", &ch);
   printf("Entered character is %c \n", ch);
   printf("Enter any string ( upto 100 character ) \n");
   scanf("%s", &str);
   printf("Entered string is %s \n", str);
 }  

Output:

Enter any character
a
Entered character is a
Enter any string ( upto 100 character )
hai
Entered string is hai

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Basic Input Output Statement in C

1) printf() function

2) scanf() function