Addition Multiplication of Two Matrices in C

Example 1

 #include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

// function to add two 3x3 matrix
void add(int m[3][3], int n[3][3], int sum[3][3])
{
  for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
    for(int j=0;j<3;j++)
      sum[i][j] = m[i][j] + n[i][j];
}

// function to subtract two 3x3 matrix
void subtract(int m[3][3], int n[3][3], int result[3][3])
{
  for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
    for(int j=0;j<3;j++)
      result[i][j] = m[i][j] - n[i][j];
}

// function to multiply two 3x3 matrix
void multiply(int m[3][3], int n[3][3], int result[3][3])
{
  for(int i=0; i < 3; i++)
  {
    for(int j=0; j < 3; j++)
    {
      result[i][j] = 0; // assign 0
      // find product
      for (int k = 0; k < 3; k++)
      result[i][j] += m[i][k] * n[k][j];
    }
  }
}

// function to find transpose of a 3x3 matrix
void transpose(int matrix[3][3], int trans[3][3])
{
  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
      trans[i][j] = matrix[j][i];
}

// function to display 3x3 matrix
void display(int matrix[3][3])
{
  for(int i=0; i<3; i++)
  {
    for(int j=0; j<3; j++)
      printf("%d\t",matrix[i][j]);

    printf("\n"); // new line
  }
}

// main function
int main()
{
  // matrix
  int a[][3] = { {5,6,7}, {8,9,10}, {3,1,2} };
  int b[][3] = { {1,2,3}, {4,5,6}, {7,8,9} };
  int c[3][3];

  // print both matrix 
  printf("First Matrix:\n");
  display(a);
  printf("Second Matrix:\n");
  display(b);

  // variable to take choice
  int choice;

  // menu-driven
  do
  {
    // menu to choose the operation
    printf("\nChoose the matrix operation,\n");
    printf("----------------------------\n");
    printf("1. Addition\n");
    printf("2. Subtraction\n");
    printf("3. Multiplication\n");
    printf("4. Transpose\n");
    printf("5. Exit\n");
    printf("----------------------------\n");
    printf("Enter your choice: ");
    scanf("%d", &choice);

    switch (choice) {
      case 1:
        add(a, b, c);
        printf("Sum of matrix: \n");
        display(c);
        break;
      case 2:
        subtract(a, b, c);
        printf("Subtraction of matrix: \n");
        display(c);
        break;
      case 3:
        multiply(a, b, c);
        printf("Multiplication of matrix: \n");
        display(c);
        break;
      case 4:
        printf("Transpose of the first matrix: \n");
        transpose(a, c);
        display(c);
        printf("Transpose of the second matrix: \n");
        transpose(b, c);
        display(c);
        break;
      case 5:
        printf("Thank You.\n");
        exit(0);
      default:
        printf("Invalid input.\n");
        printf("Please enter the correct input.\n");
    }
  }while(1);

  return 0;
}

Output

 First Matrix:
5 6 7
8 9 10
3 1 2
Second Matrix:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

Choose the matrix operation,
----------------------
1. Addition
2. Subtraction
3. Multiplication
4. Transpose
5. Exit
----------------------
Enter your choice: 1
Sum of matrix:
6 8 10
12 14 16
10 9 11

Choose the matrix operation,
----------------------
1. Addition
2. Subtraction
3. Multiplication
4. Transpose
5. Exit
----------------------
Enter your choice: 2
Subtraction of matrix:
4 4 4
4 4 4
-4 -7 -7

Choose the matrix operation,
----------------------
1. Addition
2. Subtraction
3. Multiplication
4. Transpose
5. Exit
----------------------
Enter your choice: 3
Multiplication of matrix:
78 96 114
114 141 168
21 27 33

Choose the matrix operation,
----------------------
1. Addition
2. Subtraction
3. Multiplication
4. Transpose
5. Exit
----------------------
Enter your choice: 4
Transpose of the first matrix:
5 8 3
6 9 1
7 10 2
Transpose of the second matrix:
1 4 7
2 5 8
3 6 9

Choose the matrix operation,
----------------------
1. Addition
2. Subtraction
3. Multiplication
4. Transpose
5. Exit
----------------------
Enter your choice: 6
Invalid input.
Please enter the correct input.

Choose the matrix operation,
----------------------
1. Addition
2. Subtraction
3. Multiplication
4. Transpose
5. Exit
----------------------
Enter your choice: 5
Thank You.

Example 2

 //C program to add and multiply two compatible matrices
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
	int a[3][3], b[3][3], c[3][3]={0}, d[3][3]={0};
	int i,j,k,m,n,p,q;
	printf("Enter no. of rows and columns in matrix A: ");
	scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);
	printf("Enter no. of rows and columns in matrix B: ");
	scanf("%d%d",&p,&q);
	if(m!=p || n!=q)
	{
		printf("Matrix Addition is not possible");
		return;
	}
	else if(n!=p)
	{
		printf("Matrix Multiplication is not possible");
		return;
	}
	else
	{
		printf("Enter elements of matrix A: ");
		for(i=0;i<m;i++)
			for(j=0;j<n;j++)
				scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
		printf("Enter elements of matrix B: ");
		for(i=0;i<p;i++)
			for(j=0;j<q;j++)
				scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);
		//Matrix Addition
		for(i=0;i<m;i++)
			for(j=0;j<n;j++)
				c[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j];
		printf("\nResult of Matirx Addition:\n");
		for(i=0;i<m;i++)
		{
			for(j=0;j<n;j++)
				printf("%d ", c[i][j]);
			printf("\n");
		}
		//Matrix Multiplication
		for(i=0;i<m;i++)
			for(j=0;j<q;j++)
				for(k=0;k<p;k++)
					d[i][j] += a[i][k]*b[k][j];
		printf("\nResult of Matirx Multiplication:\n");
		for(i=0;i<m;i++)
		{
			for(j=0;j<q;j++)
				printf("%d ", d[i][j]);
			printf("\n");
		}
	}
	getch();
}

Output

 Enter no. of rows and columns in matrix A: 3 3
Enter no. of rows and columns in matrix B: 3 3
Enter elements of matrix A:
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
Enter elements of matrix B:
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2

Result of Matirx Addition:
3 3 3
4 4 4
5 5 5

Result of Matirx Multiplication:
6 6 6
12 12 12
18 18 18

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Addition Multiplication of Two Matrices in C

Example 1

Example 2